As of Saturday, April 19, 2025, here's the latest update on tariffs involving Brazil: United States Tariffs on Goods from Brazil: Baseline Tariff: A 10% tariff is currently imposed on most goods imported from Brazil. This was part of the broader "reciprocal tariff" measures implemented by the United States, effective April 5, 2025. Steel: Brazilian steel exports to the U.S. continue to be subject to a 25% tariff. This tariff was in place prior to the recent broader tariff actions and has reportedly led to a decrease in Brazil's steel exports and production. Specific Products: Coffee: Brazilian raw coffee beans now face a 10% tariff in the U.S., where previously they were not subject to import tariffs. Orange Juice: U.S.-bound shipments of Brazilian orange juice are also subject to the new 10% tariff, in addition to existing tariffs which amounted to approximately $415.86 per tonne in the past year. This increase is expected to significantly raise the cost for Brazilian orange juice entering the U.S. market.   Beef: While the new across-the-board tariff is 10%, Brazilian beef already faces a 26.4% import tax when entering the U.S. for volumes exceeding a tariff-free quota of 65,000 tons (shared with other nations). It's unclear if the new 10% tariff is added on top of this existing rate. Ethanol: The U.S. imposes a 2.5% tariff on ethanol, while Brazil has an 18% tariff on U.S. ethanol exports.   Potential for Higher Tariffs: There have been discussions and warnings that the U.S. might impose tariffs on Brazilian imports that surpass the average rates Brazil applies to U.S. goods (around 5.8%). The U.S. has indicated that its tariff decisions could consider both direct tariffs and non-tariff barriers, where Brazil's restrictions are notably higher than in the U.S. Brazil's Response and Tariffs on Goods from the United States: Prioritizing Negotiation: Brazil has stated its intention to prioritize trade negotiations with the United States to address the imposed tariffs. While not ruling out retaliation, Brazil seems to favor diplomatic channels and dialogue.   Retaliatory Measures Possible: Brazil's congress has approved a measure allowing the government to adopt retaliatory trade measures without requiring congressional approval, ensuring a faster response if necessary. However, immediate retaliation seems unlikely as of now.   Tariffs on U.S. Goods: The weighted average tariff applied by Brazil to U.S. imports is approximately 5.8%. However, almost 50% of U.S. exports to Brazil enter tariff-free, and about 15% face tariffs no higher than 2%. Certain sectors like electronics face higher tariffs (e.g., around 60% on some manufactured retail goods imported by individuals). Key Considerations: The 10% tariff imposed by the U.S. is considered relatively low compared to tariffs levied on other major trading partners. Brazil's non-tariff barriers are a significant point of contention, with studies suggesting their impact could be equivalent to a 20-40% tariff in some sectors. The U.S. might factor these into future tariff decisions. The Brazilian government is analyzing the impact of the U.S. tariffs and exploring alternative trade agreements to mitigate potential negative effects. Sectors in Brazil with significant exports to the U.S., like orange juice and coffee, are particularly concerned about the impact of the new tariffs.   In summary, while Brazil faces a new 10% tariff on most of its exports to the United States, along with existing higher tariffs on steel and some agricultural products, its immediate focus is on negotiating with the U.S. government. The long-term impact will depend on the outcome of these discussions and any further actions taken by either country.